Long-distance controlling apparatus



April 1931- H. SUNDHAUSSEN 1,800,328

LONG DISTANCE CONTROLLING APPARATUS Filed June 23, 1930 N, 19.5. BRIDGE INFLUENCE T STARTING- BRIDGE R UGLE ATFIJF JE.

I lied in a constant step-andin parallel there--.' 7 l by; in when variable aeeordm'g to ,zcnrrent e m ym new:

Patented Apr. 14, 1931 UNITED STATES r TaNr 0mm nn'mrANN suNnnAnssEN, or DUSSELDORF-BATK, eEmrAnYQAssIexon 'ro nminsrT ISCHE METALL WAABEN- UN D aAscnmnnrAnmx, or nnssnnnonr-nnannnonr, GERMANY, A conronArIon or enemy 1 4 LONG-DISTANCE oomaomlme ArrAnA'rns Application filed June 23, 1930, Serial No. 463,334, and in Germany January 5, 19 28.

My invention relates to a long distance controlling apparatus as used for electrically controlling hoisting machines,- searchlights,

-of this class bridge connections have alreadyt beenmade'use of thatmeans, devices in which the current flowin in the equalizer wire or bridge arm of a e'atstone bridge is used 'for the transmission of controlling motions. In these bridge connections the two arms of y the Wheatstone 'brid e are formed by res'istances situated att e transmitter and. re ceiver and either connected with a series of fiired contacts or formed by a non-graduated wire. The equalizing current arising with. difierent positions 0 the two bridge contacts sliding on the resistances is used to control the motion of the receivermotor, by exciting the motor in the one or other direction of rotation, either directly orthrough the intermediary of a relay or, where the Leongs ard control system is provided by exciting the Leonard generator. When the bridge contact of the receiver; has reached'the position thatfcorresponds to that of the transmitter ,I .,,contact, the equalizing current disappears and therewith also the impulse of-motron for thereoeiver. e j New, in order to exhaustively utilize the peculiar advantages afiorded by a bridge connection, according to the invent on the equal i'zing current of the bridge circuit isamplified in a speclalmanner andcaused to act upon the receiver" 'motor which is connected in Leonard connection. The bri equalizing current actls'in twostepe'upon t e supply o the driving agent tethe recewer,';v1z. amph-r ,7 --in*parallel and co-operat1ng meach with a movable contact eee,

s p v flthehe'at caacity o the ie -increased e m mus s:

made insensitive both to outer influences of temperature and to permanent current load so that" due to the uniform state of heat of the bridge arms thus obtained-the fineness and precision of adjustment of the apparatus are .im roved.

n order that my invention can be more readily understood, two embodiments oftlie same are diagrammatically illustrated in the accompanying. drawings jas a plied to gun controlling apparatus i com% Leonard connection. in these dra'win s Figure 1 ,illustratesthe first embo iment, liigure 2 illustrates the other embodiment,- an

Figure 3 shows theworking diagramof the connection according to Figures 1 and 2.

- Referring to Fig res 1 and 2, B and B are the bridge arms f infmed by uninterrupted non-graduated" resistance wiresand arranged on the transmitter and receiver, respectively. The two bridge arms are interconnected. by

1nation--with the'wires b. The whole bridge is permanently fed with current from the mains. The movable bridge contact C of the transmitter can bedislplaced b the controlling crank S either by and or by meansof a special device, gyroscope or the like. Upon contact 0 I being displaced, a telescope-(not 'shown) pointer on the gyroscope or the like, has im-.

serving to sight the aim, or a direction parted-to it a correspondingdisplapement,'so

that the transmitter contact C is-u'nder the control of the gunner :who; int's i the gun. Ever displacement everso s ight of contact C e ects the disturbance of the equilibrium of the bridge resulting in'an equahzing'current flowing in the equalizing wire 0 interconnectin the two brid contact pieces 6 and (3,.v is'feeble equ' 'zing curl-enticemplifiedin a suitable manner and causes exci- Pj' mime! the, Leonard generator L" which by armature current drives thedirecting 8$? The letter by of .a.me.. m o dew the r n 1 (-nctffahown) until the receiver pontact (J l connected to item! thusto the -.the same 7 'tion as the C where I the bridge when the contact pieces C and C assume corresponding positions on the-bridge arms B and B The bridge arms are mounted on segments which by means of hand wheels E and E or the like can be displaced relatively to one another and to the contact pieces C C sliding thereon. This arrangement afl'ords the possibility of superposing any corrections ofthe mutual position of transmitter and receiver, such as corrections of the sight, the

=parallax,'in accuracies of the platform, at-

given to the receiver gun) at any time independently of the position of the transmitter contact piece C forinstance the gun can be lowered into loading position.

The amplification of the equalizing current of the bridge is produced firstly in known manner by means of a polarized relay R, the coil 0 of which is traversed by the equalizing current in wire 0 in the one or other direction. When current passes through coil '0 the relay R responds and connects the corresponding exciting winding Z of the Leonard. generator L to the mains. The change of direction of the current passing through the exciting windings l of the Leonard generator which takes place upon change ofth'e direction of current in the equalizing wire 0 is obtained in known manner, as illustrated in Figure 2, by division of the voltage by one sole'coil Z or, as illustrated in Figure 1, by two coils l throughwhich the current flows in opposite directions.

In order to obtain further an extremely low speed of the directing motor A while maintaining'the largest possible range of numbers of revolutions thereof, the constant controlling impulse delivered by the relay is preferably so measured and tuned, that it will just suflice for the smallest speed concerned of motor A. In order, however, that the motor may have a sufficiently high starting moment, the bridge equalizing current is caused to act also upon the controlling device of the motor in another step. This is done by connecting in parallel to the relay anamplifying generator. To this end "a' coil- 0 inserted in the equalizing wire 0 in parallel to the relay coil 0 is connectedt'o the field magnet of a small amplify-ing generator V which is driven at uniform speed independently of, or together with, the Leonard generator L, from a'common source. The field of generator V is thus proportional to the bridge equalizing current, that is, to the difference in position of the contact pieces C and C The armature current of the amplifying generator V flows as amplifying current through an exciting winding of the Leonard generator L. In Figure 1 it flows through a special coil Z whilst in Figure 2 it flows in the circuit including the coil Z fed through the relay R. Of course, the bridge equalizing current may act upon the controlling device of the driving motor after having been amplified by more than two steps.

The operation of the described connections is to be seen from Figure 3. In a rectangular coordinate system the bridge sections travelled by the movable bridge contacts are traced as abscissae, and the appurtenant volt-- ages of the I directing motor as ordinates. The zero point or origin of the system denotes the commencement of an adjusting op-.

eration. The influence, upon the directing motor, of the bridge current amplified by generator V forms a straight line passing through the zero point at 45 degrees. The influence of relay R begins. only after a certain bridge section has been traversed, depending upon the sensitiveness of the relay, that'is-only after the movable contact piece C of the transmitterhas-run a'certain distance in advance of the receiver contact piece (l -which at firstremains at rest, and then rises'steeply up to a normal value which, due to'the constant voltage, of the mains remains permanently Iconstant. Both these influences sum up so that at the beginning of the adjusting operation the starting voltage suddenly rises and the motor A starts and entrains the receiver contact piece C Owing to thefact that the positions of the contact pieces of transmitter and receiver are now quickly becoming similar to one another, the

bridgeequalizing current and therewith its amplifying effect sink again until in the further course of the adjusting operation the voltage of the motor A always remains above the effect of the relay by an amount corresponding only to the lag of the receiver contact piece 0 (bridge slip), the dam ing effect produced by the coils of the 'eonard generator L preventing hunting of the voltage. A high starting moment of themotor A without any hunting is thus obtained by the described arrangement, even with a very low directing speed. 4

The strength of the bridge equalizing current depends upon'the amount of difference in positionbetw een the contact pieces of the transmitter and receiver (bridge slip). With increasing directing speed at first this difference in position also increases and therewith again also the equalizin current and its exciting efiect upon the onard generator L, so that a certain compensation of speed arises between transmitter and receiver. An increased bridgeslip, however,

will remain. In order toavoi'd this increased-- log, a further additional excitation of the Leonard generator is caused, according to the invention, in dependency on the speed of the transmitter. To this end a generator G is coupled with the drive of the transmitter contact piece G which generator with constant excitation delivers an armature current the strength of which is proportional to the speed of the transmitter. This armature current acts upon the excitation of the Leonard generator L by means, of a special coil l in its own circuit, or in the circuit of relay 3 and amplifyinggenerator V as an additional excitation upon the common. coil Z In this manner the speed of the, directing motor, in a rfect manner, is rendered dependent on t e speed of the transmitter. The.

" controlling apparatus vforms a combination of a drive for controlling way and sfieed.

The described arrangement afior a powerful starting moment of the directing motor within a very, wide range of regulation, and

- an exactregulationof speed between trans mitter and small lag. a 7

What I claim is i 1. A remote control system comprising a transmitter and a receiver, thesa1d trans mitter and receiver each mcludm an .electrical resistance element, a shiftab e contactmember cooperating with each resistance elementi two conductors connectm the ends of one e fement to the'ends of the ot er, a source of current connectedito said-conductors, a

polarized relay having a movablecontact andtwo stationary contacts cooperating therewith, 1conductors connecting the winding of i the relay to the respective shiftable contact members, whereby a Wheatstone bri is formed, with the relay winding connec ed in the brid e diagonal, a generator, circuitscontrolled y said rela contacts and including opposing field windings of said nerator and asource ffel'ectricityemeansor producing a curren dependin upon 'the speedof operation of thejtransmitter and a circuit su ply- .vi ing said current to a field winding.

- generator and means foro rating t ablecontact' member of t e receiver by the current neratedby saidg'en'erator due to' o the e shiftthe combined field excitations.- I

2. A're mote control system comprising a transmitterand a-receive'r, the and transmitterand receiver leach includin an electrical resistance element, a shifta b e contact member cooperating with each resistance element" two conductors connect:

uctors a relay having a" movable contact Jtwo; stationary contacts 1 cooperating therewith, conductors-- connecting. the winding; of the m1 ya. the respective ehiftable contect;.;membe' whereby a Whea tst ne' b dge. s" i rm wit the re ay m s' receiver and therewith a very 4 the ends of one element to the ends ofthe (er asource of current connected to sa d connected in the bridge diagonal a generator, circuits controlled by said relay contacts and including opposing field windings of said generator and a source of electricity, an exciter for said generator, the field terminals of said exciter being connected to the two shiftable contact members, conductors connecting the output terminals of the exciter to a field winding of the generator, and means for operating the shiftable-contact members of the receiver by the current generated by said generator.

3. A remote control system comprising a transmitter anda receiver, the said transmitter and receiver each includin an electrical resistance element, a shiftab e contact member cooperating with each. resistance element two conductors connecting the ends of one e ement to the ends of the other, a source of current connected to said conductors, a

polarized relay having a movable contact and two stationary contacts cooperating therewith, conductors connecting the winding of the relay to the respective shiftable 'contact members, whereby a Wheatstone :the shiftable contact member of the receiver by the current "generated by said generator. 4.. A remotecontrol system comprising a transmitter and a receiver, the said transmitter and receiver including an electrical resistance element, a shiftable contact mem} ber cooperating with each. resistance element,jtwo con uctors connectin the ends of one'element to the ends of t e other, a source of current connected to said conductary generator operated in COIIG on, a generator, an exciter connected to supply current 'to afield winding of said generator,- said exciter havin it separately excited field-Win are connected to the said shiftable contact members conductors. connecting the output terminals.

of said auxiliaryegugimit-o a field'winding 01 nam p and means-for t amba-mac m f of t e receiver bythe generated by said -5. A comprising a ding the terminals ofwhi respectively an auxiliary generetordriven by the tranemitte'r and generating ecurrent proportional to the speed the i and a receiver, the said transmits wand receiver including an electrical resistance element, a ahiitable contact member cooperating with each resistance ele- -nicnt, two conductors connecting the ends of one element to the ends of the other, a source of current connected to said conductors, a polarized relay having a movable contact and two stationary contacts cooperating therewith, conductors connecting the winding of the relay to the respective shift able contact members, whereby a Wheats tone bridge is formed, with the relay wind: ing connected in the bridge diagonal, a gen erator, circuits controlled by said relay contacts and including opposing field windings of said enerator and a source of electricity, means itor producing a current depending" upon the speed of operation of the transmitter'and a circuit supplying said current to a field winding of the generator, an exciter for said generator, the field terminals of said exciter being connected to the two shiftable contact members, conductors connectin the output terminals of the exciter to a eld winding of the generator, an'd means for operating the shiftable contact member of the receiver by the current generated by said generator due to the combined field excitations.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature.

ERMANN s NnHAUs'sEN. 

